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What Prosecutors Must Prove in a Rape Case?

In California, understanding the definition and implications of rape charges is critical for those involved in criminal proceedings. This understanding can help you craft a strong defense strategy while also preparing you for potential outcomes.

State law defines rape as non-consensual sexual intercourse. Specifically, ‘sexual intercourse’ refers to any degree of penetration – no matter how slight – not requiring ejaculation for an act to be considered criminal under these terms.

If prosecutors can prove this, a defendant can be convicted.

Examples of Rape in California

In California, rape is not simply limited to the use of physical force. Understanding the wide range of actions that can constitute an offense under California law is important for both preventing such acts and defending against allegations. Consider the following:

Duress or Coercion

This refers to situations where the victim feels they have no other choice but to submit due to threats or psychological pressure.

If an individual claims that they will retaliate against the victim or someone else if they do not comply — either by causing physical harm or through other means of intimidation, such as exposing sensitive information —  this could be considered rape by duress or coercion.

Fraudulent Misrepresentation 

Individuals who pretend to be someone else and obtain consent under this false pretext could be charged with rape.

Coercion by Posing as a Public Official

If someone coerces another into engaging in sex by threatening potential arrest, detention, or deportation – implying they have the authority to take these actions – it can fall within California’s definition of rape.

What Is Consent?

To understand what a prosecutor must prove beyond a reasonable doubt in a rape case, it’s essential to understand what exactly consent means.  At its core, for someone to give consent to any sexual act, it must be an action that is made freely and voluntarily.

Certain individuals are unable to legally give consent, including those who are severely intoxicated, those with serious mental disorders, and – of course – anyone who is unconscious or asleep. 

Penalties for Rape in California

Rape is categorized as a felony offense and can result in substantial prison time – typically anywhere from 3 to 8 years, depending on the specifics of the case. 

For crimes involving underage victims or those who’ve incurred significant physical harm, the penalties escalate substantially: if the victim is under 13, the prison sentence can be 13 years; if the victim is between 14 and 17, the prison sentence can be 11 years. 

Additionally, this crime requires mandatory registration as a sex offender, carrying lifelong implications that can severely limit housing options, job prospects, and overall quality of life.

Probation Is Not Always an Option

While probation can serve as an alternative to jail in certain circumstances, it is not applicable to some cases of rape under California law. 

The courts cannot sentence a defendant to probation if the act involved the use or threat of force/violence or if the victim sustained great bodily harm.

Legal Defenses To Rape Charges

Navigating sexual assault allegations requires a solid defense strategy. Here are some common defenses that might be applicable:

False Accusation

It’s an unfortunate reality that some individuals get falsely accused due to malicious intentions, misunderstandings, or mistaken identity. 

To prove false accusations, you can provide evidence that you were somewhere else at the time of the crime – alibi evidence – or try to show the judge or jury what the alleged victim’s motivations would be for fabricating these claims.

Consent Was Given 

If you can provide evidence that consent was offered by the alleged victim prior to engaging in sexual activity, it may prove to be a valid defense.

Proving consent in sexual assault cases can be challenging due to the inherently private nature of these situations. Here are some ways you could potentially show consent:

Witness Testimony 

If there were people present either before or after the act who can testify about behaviors indicating mutual agreement, this could support your claim.

Communications

Text messages, emails, or any recorded conversation where explicit consent might have been exchanged could serve as proof.

Nature of Relationship

The overall context and prior behavior within a relationship may sometimes be used as evidence of agreement – however, remember that past consensual intercourse never automatically indicates future consent.

Lack of Penetration

To be convicted of rape, the prosecution has to prove penetration – however slight. If your attorney manages to prove that no such occurrence took place, this could result in having your charges reduced or even dropped.

Contact an Experienced Los Angeles Sex Crimes Defense Attorney

If you find yourself arrested and facing such serious charges in California, presenting compelling legal defenses and challenging every bit of the prosecution’s evidence is critical. The best way to do this is to work with an experienced attorney. If you need help with rape charges, don’t hesitate to contact us to schedule a free consultation with a sex crimes lawyer.

CONTACT THE LOS ANGELES CRIMINAL DEFENSE LAW FIRM OF THE RODRIGUEZ LAW GROUP TODAY FOR HELP

For more information please contact the Los Angeles Criminal Defense law firm of The Rodriguez Law Group for a free consultation, give us a call at (213)-995-6767 or visit our convenient location:

The Rodriguez Law Group – Los Angeles Criminal Defense Attorney
626 Wilshire Blvd Suite 460,
Los Angeles, CA 90017, United States
(213)-995-6767